Means for adding solid materials to liquid



Dec. 1, 1953 E. w. BAILY MEANS FOR ADDING SOLID MATERIALS TO LIQUIDFiled June 7, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet l In rd v INVENT'OR. fdgczr 775mgqqerzi Dec. 1, 1953 E. w. BAILY MEANS FOR ADDING SOLID MATERIALS TOLIQUID Filed June 7, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

Dec. 1, 1953 E. w. BAILY MEANS FOR ADDING SOLID MATERIALS T0 LIQUIDF'iled June 7, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Dec. 1, 1953 E. w. BAlLY 2,561,244

MEANS FOR ADDING SOLID MATERIALS TO LIQUID Filed June '7, 1949 4Sheets-Sheet 4 INVEN TOR.

Edyar W 55mg BY Patented Dec. '1, 1953 ME N OR A D DJMATEBIEQ 5* QUI.Eslsa -W lliam-Bail I' l c e an msei e "1 T e. Bat so eri scem a r m-..it .d,. KinesWay,.-.En d, a co po at o Gr B itain Application June 7,

19:49; SEISMIFNOT97658 fi a msnr rity, a p cat on fireati B ita j June16,; 1fl48 8jClaims. 1 This invention relates to means fortheaddition ofinsoluble or granular solidsto liquids.

-It is -an--object of this invention -.to-.-pr.ovide simple andeffective means for feedingsolidmaterial to'a liquid.

A particular object of'the invention: is the reg- "ulated proportionaladdition -'of-= particulate solid --material to a flowingliquid,--whether :underpressureor not.

= Another object 'of the invention is. toprovide an apparatuswhichutilizes a controlled portion I of aflowingliquid'to eject asuitable quantity'of solid material:- andfeed it tothe flowing liquid.

Another object is to provide a filteraid feeder which deliversfilter-aid materialin predetermined proportion to the'fiow of; liquid;to;be filtered 1 without necessitating'theuse.- of mechanicallyoperated-stirring means and the like.

a Another obiect of; the invention is ;to provide a hydraulicallyoperable feeder for ::sQ 1id;material.

el-mother object; is afeederafor solidqparticulate -1 material whichautomatically; dilutes the t-pmaterial a to asuspension of lightdensitygtherebm-preventing' formation: ofdeposits in; the; :pipes;through i "which the material fiows.

These and other objectsr ofi:thefinventionwill becomeapparent:upomconeideration -o;f.;the; de- :scripti-on: and the claimsWhiCh;f O110W.

A principalsphere; oft-usefulness of -tl1i sinven- .tion is; in.-connection with liquid filtration-ap- .yaparatus; ofzthe; kindcwh e he zqu d; fi tered -by:,-,beingpassed through a: layer; or coat 7 of; filter1: 1 aid material, ;:suchas-ior example diatomaceous wearth,adepositedgon aesuitable; support. {There- ,.fore,- the invention will.bedescribed; forpurposes .i-of exemplification and illustrationasappliedto :feeding filter. aid material to such a; filter. It ,.:.shouldbe understood, however that the, invention is-,;-not: limited to: thisspecific applicati rbiltj qusefulwherever it isdesiredito secure aregulated addit-ion; and especially a. proportional-addition, .w-ofaparticulatesolid material to a fiowingliquid.

It is well known in connection with filtration -.apparatusi of the typementioned that; after the filter aid. coator-oed hasbeen; formed-onthesup- :.port,. -the addition of a small quantity of the-par- ..ticulatefilter. medium to: the liquid under treat- .ment prolongs the filter:run asthe depositionof additional particles on thefilteringsurfacemaintai-ns its porosity and. permits continued. flow of1 liquid therethrough without impairingthe purity oft-he filtrate. Thisis often of vsuch importance :zithat filtration would be impracticableoncostly v inoperation ,without ,the. addition; O filter aid 1;:duringfiltering.

Heretofore it has been usual toefiect spasmodic addition of thesesmallvquantitiesof filter :aid. Eilteraid can of coursebe addedincorrect proportion to the bulk-liquid where it ispermis- 'sibleto dealwith a-Lbatch quantity at one time, but this a is. inconvenient whendealing, with large quantitiesrand'wherethe-liquid-is supplied underpressure or wherethe-pump is. remote from the =-filter necessitating along. pipe line. Therefore. 10- sometimes attempts. were made to secureregv'ulated proportional addition. .Usually, this was .1 done'bydepositing a slurrycomposed of filter -..-'aidmaterial and liquid in a-suitable vessel equippecL-with a ,mechanical ,device, such as a astirrer, to keep the slurryin continuous; agitation rpriortoitslinjectioninto the-suction of the pump delivering :the-liquid,-to,-, be treated to the filter :orrof a.-separaterpumpgMynew:,filter aid feeder :provides continuous regulatediproportionaladdizo'wtionr-of -fi1te1; -.aid ;m& .erial;;but avoids mechanicaldevices and;relie5 on hyd aul emea p e b ...-,operated by'the fiowingliquid.

Bniefiy, 1m. itsipretented fo m: t n pp tus comprises a closed vessel orcontainer in which azquant yro a eso imater al. o ited, an

eiectoneo eret v yz herflewin i d n l sociated with the container; insuch a manner that h qu d e tr in av ro e t enal u nt of the mate iaandi.. .:i eh i v n a e filter or other situationvwhere itmayberequired. The a paratu qine q ssimp e mea for regulating; the uantity;of solidmaterial-entrained by theeieet The invention will be morereadily-understood 35. iron; a consideratioz-roi the drawings wherein 5Figure l is a seetional elevation of -one formof e efi a f Eigure 2 is afront view, partly insection, of a mo dification of the; apparatus ofFigure 1; Figure 3. is asection through the apparatus of ;l i gure gtaken along the line 3.-3 of Figure 2;

Figure, 4, is a -sectional .elevation of another is modification of the.apparatus;

.ligure5, is afiowdiagram showing the-appara- .tusponnectedto theinletlineof afilter; and I lfigure 6is afiow diagram showing theapparatus connected;io gprecoating.

JIfhe feedepshqwninfigure -1 comprises a con- ,ta iner or vessel ,l 0whichImay be supported by any --suitable means, such as-lgsJ l. Thecontainer [0 has a cylindricalside. wall 12 andpreferably has a conical.baseor hopperbottomel 3 whose bottom W ..portion i 4 has-an, opening 15. Ifhe, container 1 0 isprovided with a-removablecover or lid l6 whichmay be ,hing ed or otherwise fastenedto the corn tainer lfl; in.-any.suitable manner to provide a liquid tight seal for the container. An airrelease valve I1 is provided in the cover l5 and a valved drain l8 leadsfrom a lower portion of the container.

The opening I5 is surrounded by an annular inlet fitting 20 as shown.The lower end of the inlet fitting 20 is threaded to receive aconvergent jet tube 2| which forms part of an ejector. Between the upperend of the jet tube 2| and the bore of the inlet fitting 20 an annularchamber 22 is formed. The discharge end of the ejector tube 2| ispositioned just below the opening I5 in the bottom l4 and dischargestherethrough.

A pipe 25 has its inlet end directly opposite the jet tube and spacedabove the opening I5 in the conical base l3. The pipe 25 extendsupwardly and through the side wall i2 of the container and forms theoutlet part of the ejecton- The lower end of the ejector tube 2| isscrewed into a T connection 23, the opposite end of which is connectedto a liquid inlet conduit 21 through which liquid under pressure isadmitted to the ejector. The leg of the T 26 is connected by aconnection 28 to a conduit extending upwardly outside the container anddischarging into water space 32 in the upper portion of the containerII], as shown. A by-pass conduit 3| leads from the conduit 30 throughthe inlet fitting 20 and discharges into the annular chamber 22surrounding the ejector tube 2|. Flow through the conduit 33 and theby-pass 3| is controlled by a three-way valve 35. In the preferred formthe valve 35 has an inlet on its axis and a single port which begins toopen to conduit 3|! as it begins to close to by-pass 3| and vice versa.This facilitates thecontrol, the amount of solid material ejectedvarying with the position of the valve. The valve can be fitted with ascale and pointer to enable the same setting to be readily repeated.Obviously, and as shown in Figure 5, two separate valves, 36 and 31, maybe used on conduits 30 and 3| instead of the three-way valve 35.

A conduit 33 provided with a suitable valve 34 is shown discharging intothe lower part of the container ID. The conduit 33 may lead from anysuitable point upstream of the inlet fitting 20 but preferably isbranched oil the by-pass conduit 3|. With this construction a valve 38must be provided on the by-pass 3| downstream essarily, the apparatus isoperated by the fiowing liquid, a proportion of the liquid beingdelivered to the filter, or in some cases all of the liquid, whetherpumped or otherwise supplied under pressure, being diverted to theejector through the inlet conduit 21. The method of connecting theapparatus to the filter supply line 40 will vary according to the natureof the liquid to be filtered and the amount of filter aid required. Whena relatively small addition of filter aid is required the apparatus maybe connected in a shunt or by-pass circuit across the main filter supplypipe.

When the nature of the liquid requires a greater quantity of filter aidall the liquid may be passed through the jet before filtration. This maybe done by closing of the valve 48 on the main to the filter, or byextending the main through the apparatus, the conduit 25 being connectedto the filter inlet. The apparatus need not be operated by the flowingliquid to be dosed but can be provided with operatingliquid from anysuitable independent source of liquid under pressure.

A preferred method of connecting the apparatus to the filter supply lineis shown in Figure 5. The shunt or by-pass line 4| includes the inletconduit 21, ejector tube 2| and outlet pipe 25, and is branched off themain filter inlet conduit at 42 and discharges to the conduit 40 at 43downstream of point 42. If the liquid is pumped to the filter, the point42 is downstream of the pump 44. Valves 45 and 46 are provided in theline 4| as shown. By closing of the valves 45 and 46 the container canbe isolated from the main conduit 40. Intermediate the points 42 and 43a flow restricting device 48, such as a valve, or an orifice plate, (notshown), is provided in the main conduit to create a restriction therein,so as to cause a proportion of the flow to pass through the by-pass lne4| when valves 45 and 45 are open.

The operation of the apparatus will be readily understood. Before theoperation is started, valves 45 and 46 on the line 4| are closed. Thecontainer [0 is then filled approximately half full of liquid, then thesolid granular material is added until the container is nearly full.Obviously, the container can also first be about half filled with thematerial and then the water added; however, I have found that puttingthe solid material into liquid at the commencement increases thecapacity of the apparatus, as usually Wetted solid materials occupy lessspace than dry ones. After the container III has been filled and closed,valves 45 and 45 are opened and liquid under supply pressure issues as ajet from the ejector tube 2| creating a reduction of pressure at theannular opening l5, whereby a proportion of the filter aid material isentrained into, and discharged through, the pipe 25. The filter aidmaterial taken in at the ejector is immediately diluted with arelatively large quantity of liquid whereby a suspension of lightdensity is produced which passes through the pipes leading to the filterwithout difficulty and with suflicient velocity to prevent formation ofdeposits of filter material in the pipes.

If the reduction in pressure adjacent the ejec tor were allowed toreduce the pressure in the container H], a state would be reached wherethe fiow would cease. To restore the pressure in the container as filteraid material is entrained and withdrawn therefrom, a portion of liquidis diverted from a point upstream of the jet outlet to the upper portionof the container. This liquid may be taken directly from the main, ifdesired, or from any upstream point of the jet outlet. Preferably, andas shown in the figure, the conduit Z8-30 through which the liquid isdiverted leads from the inlet T 26 to the water space 32 in the upperportion of the container Hi. The amount of liquid entering the containerl0 through conduit 30 can be regulated by proper setting of the valve 36(Figure 5) or of three-way valve 35 (Figure 1). Opening of valve 35, orof the corresponding port of three-way valve 35, to admit a greatervolume of liquid to the upper portion of the container l0 increases thefeed rate of the feeder by increasing the pressure in the container.

In order to obtain a closer regulation of the volume of the particulatematerial entrained by the jet from the ejector tube 2|, a portion of thesupply to the jet can be by-passed through the by-pass conduit 3| to theannular space 22 surrounding the jet tube, whereby the demand of ;.th;.-eiector; canzbe zpartlyisatisfied and thertenden yi fthe.jet,tocentrainfilter aid materialebe reduced. ...'I;h.eamount:of.-liquid by-passedinthis .manner is controlled by setting ofthe valve 31 Figure )v or, otthree-way .valve .(Fig-ure 1) q pemlng, of.valve 31, or. of the .correspondingport of thethree-way valve. 35;toadmit more .liquid to; the by-pass 3lg,:decreases;the .feed rateby-partially satisfyingthezdemand of the ejector.

When valve 34 is opened and valvestdon the by-pass is closed,theliquidienteringthe by pass 3!; through the'three-wayvalve 35 isdeflected through the conduit 33.,.into:the lower part of the container.'Liquid discharging; through conduit 33 serves to agitate'thematerialaround the jet outlet and isconducive. to increasing thenfeedrate. Conduit 33 is useful especially wherethe material has a tendencytoarch or compact which prevents its beingentrained by the jet.

It is. thus seenthat several controls are providedfor adjusting the.feed rate of the feeder.

The valves and-46 onthe shunt line A! may be set to admit apredetermined volume ofliquid to the apparatus. The three-way valve 35(or the individual valves 35 and 31) may be used to 'ad-: mit desiredproportions of flow to the water space .32 atthe top of thecontainerthrough conduit to or through the by-pass conduit 3! to the chamber 22.It willbe understood that the liquid discharged into the water space 32through con-M duittll and liquid discharged into chamber 22 throughby-pass 3| counteract each other, the

.former' increasing, and-the latter decreasing the feed rate. er part ofthe container through conduit 33 has Similarly, liquid admitted to thelowthe contrary effect of'liquid' discharged through by-pass 3| intochamber 22.- By properly setting the several valves a very-accuratecontrol of the .rate of feed can be obtained. These valves may bemanually or automatically operated, as well...

known inthe art. Obviously, theby-pass 31 can .be omitted. and the. feedrate adjusted by setting of valves 45, 46 and 36. However, the controlis facilitated by the by-pass-and particularly so,

when using a three-way valve as described. .Similarly, conduit 33 canand will in many cases be omitted.

,The volume. of ,flow throughthe container is also regulated by the flowrestricting device48 on the main 40.

The apparatus shown in Figures 2'and 3 is essentially the same as thatof Figure 1. However,

in this embodiment, adiaphragm 5! is provided acrossthe conical base.13a of the container Mia. The diaphragm 5.0 has a central opening 54. Anannular wa1l52 surrounds the opening 51 and forms an, annular chamber 53as shown. The

ejector 2 la extends throughthe conical chamber l3ainto the.annularchamber 53 into which it discharges. Anarrow passageway 55 isleftbetween the ejector tube I30 and the annular wall 52. The lower end.of. the outlet pipe .50. surrounds, the upper part of the annular wall52.and isspaced abovethediaphragm 50, leaving an inletpassage 5]forthematerialto be entrained bythe. liquid jet.. In, this embodiment,the. outlet pipe 25a is shown for exemplification as extending in thecontainer Illa to its top and through a boss 53-whichsurrounds the openend of the container ma, as shown. The cap or lid 511 is screwedv intothe boss 58. The pressure connection 30a from the inlet conduit 21a tothe top portion of the container is shown in this embodiment alsoas.discharging throughthe-boss I 58 into the. water .space32a.0f thecontainer.

1 obviouslysnipesi 25arand rflllaoacouldid-iscbargez in ;:the manner.shownrrinzffigure lrandyvicee ersa, the ..corresp.0nding pipes 0f :Fiure .1.;QDl11d:. dlS- fcharge. in. the .manner'ashown. in: Figures:a-and 3. The by:pass;conduit13 la; in this;.-embodimentidischargesbelow the... diaphragm 50 to. :avoid idiS- .turbance. ofythe' filter.aid; material inithegioontainen: the;liquidudischareed fl;0m:-.theiconduit .3 l-dzpassingqinto the: annular; chamberfiiLthrough .11 thepassageway 55.

1.: Iizdesirect: the hopper bottom 13a .may-zbedispensedwith; anda:.fia.t .bottom. be cusedrdns'tead ofthe. diaphragm. With such .a.construct-ionthe bottompart of thepassageway355 can-beclosed and .theby-pass 3 I azcanidischargei' directly into the annular.- chamber, 53in; the. same mannerras shown in Figure '1.

' The operation ofthis embodiment is. they same .as that of Figure 1;,sothat it need not be de- "scribed.

The apparatus ,shownin Figure 4. is also quite :similar totheapparatus'of Figure 1. .I-Iowever,

in this embodiment-of the-invention; the pipe60 whichreceivesthedischarge of the ejector tube "Zlb discharges insidethecontainer I011 into the I water space 3% abovethe upper surface of thesolid materialtherein... Thespacep32b becomes filled with a dilutemixture of liquid and solid material. The material is withdrawn througha pipe connection Blon .the sideof the container which may be connectedto the main 4!]. The pipe 60 is held in position by a.support:62 :acrossthe container. If desired, the pipenGlh-may be made divergent and have abell mouthed upper opening anddefiector plate 63,:as shown; to-ensure aquiet discharge into the water space and thus avoid turbulence beingtransmitted tothe surface of thesolid material. The bailie 63 may bemade removable to facilitateloading the material into the container. Theoperation of this yembodiment is the same as that-described inconnection with Figure l.

The apparatus as described can conveniently be 'applied' in forming thefiltering layer at the commencement of a run by filling the requisitequantity of precoat' into the container H! with some of the liquid to befiltered and connecting -the .outlet 25 to the suction'of the liquidpump are shown in Figure 6. A pipe 15 provided-with a valve H connectsthe outlet pipe-25 upstream of valve 46to the suction sideof the pump44. A pipe 75 provided'with a valve 15 leads from the filter outletconduit 8|, upstream of the filter outlet valve 82 to the container Iii.During'precoating, valves 45 and 46 are closedand'valves H and '16 areopen, the filteroutlet valvebeing closed. The liquid is thencirculatedthrough mainx40 to and through the filter'80, through line-l5 tocontainer [0 and through pipe25 and line 10 to the suction side of thepump 44. I When the filter bed has been formed, valves and "H are closedand the. filter outlet valve 82 is opened, valves 45 and 4S remainingclosed during filling of the container.

Alternatively the filtering layer or bed can in 1 many instances beformed directly with the apparatus in use in its normal manner if avalve 48 is fitted on the main supply pipe 40 between the twoconnections 42 and 43. By throttling or closing the valve 48 a greaterflow can be diverted through the ejector for a few seconds or minutes,as may be required, increasing the ejection of the filter aid from thevessel during this period. When sufiicient material has been taken fromthe container ID to form the filtering layer the valve 48 is opened toits normal position and the adjustments of the filter aid feeder set fornormal filtering with filter aid being added in the required smallquantity. Where the flow restricting element 48 is an orifice plate itis also possible to obtain the necessary volume of flow for precoatingby closing the valve 35 to the by-pass 3| and fully opening it to theconduit 30.

It will be understood that while the invention has been describedspecifically in its relation to liquid filtration plant it is equallyapplicable in any situation where it is desired to effect the regulatedaddition of any insoluble or granular material to a flowing liquid.

The invention is not restricted to a closed vessel although that is itsmost useful form. It can however be applied to an open vessel if meansto maintain a constant level of water in the vessel are provided. Suchmeans are well known in the art and need not be described. While theejector has been shown as being in a vertical position in some cases itmay be more convenient to use it horizontally.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for proportional feed ng of a wetted solid filter aidmaterial to a stream of liquid to be filtered comprising a container forholding a supply of the wetted material, and means operative to withdrawan amount of wetted material proportional to said stream of liquid andfeed it to said stream as a suspension in liquid, said means includingpipe means having an inlet in said container spaced above the bottomthereof, and an outlet portion passing through a wall of said containerand, when installed in operative position, connected to said stream ofliquid, an ejector tube having a jet outlet discharging into saidcontainer in the direction of said inlet of said pipe means, saidejector tube, when installed in operative position, being connected withits inlet to said stream of liquid upstream of said outlet portion, anannular wall forming a chamber about said jet outlet, a conduit leadingfrom said ejector tube upstream of said jet outlet and discharging tothe upper portion of said container, conduit means for diverting aportion of the liquid flowing through said conduit to said chamber, andvalve means regulating the quantity of liquid diverted to said chamber.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 comprising also a conduit adapted todischarge liquid under ejector inlet pressure into the lower materialholding part of said container at an elevation substantially spacedabove the elevation of the inlet of said pipe means.

3. Apparatus for proportional feeding of a wetted solid filter aidmaterial to a stream of flowing liquid comprising a container having abottom including an apertured portion and a top inlet for the solidmaterial and the liquid for wetting it, a shunt conduit passing intosaid container through said apertured portion and out of said containerat a higher elevation, said shunt conduit being connected to saidflowing liquid with its inlet and its outlet, and having an annularbreak adjacent said apertured' portion forming a jet outlet, an annularwall forming a chamber about said jet outlet, a pressure connection fromsaid shunt conduit upstream of said break to the upper portion of saidcontainer for admitting liquid from said shunt conduit to said upperportion of said container, and means for diverting a portion of thepressure liquid from said pressure connection to said chamber.

4. A hydraulically operated filter aid feeder for feeding proportionalamounts of wetted filter aid to a filter comprising a filter aidmaterial holding container having an opening through which the filteraid and water can be introduced, removable closure means for saidopening, a shunt conduit entering said container through its bottom andextending to outside said container at a higher elevation, the inletportion of said shunt conduit being connected to the flow of liquidunder pressure to the filter, and the outlet end of said shunt circuitbeing connected to the liquid flow to the filter downstream of saidinlet end, said shunt conduit having an annular break, the conduit atsaid break being shaped to form a jet outlet discharging into the lowerportion of said container and an intake for the discharge of said jetoutlet above said bottom, a wall forming a chamber about said jetoutlet, a connection from the inlet portion of said shunt conduit intothe upper portion of said container, a by-pass from said connection tosaid chamber, a branch conduit leading from said by-pass to the lowerpart of said container, and means for regulating flow through said shuntconduit, said connection, said bypass and said branch conduit.

5. Apparatus for proportional feeding of wetted solid filter aidmaterial to a liquid to be filtered comprising a container for thematerial to be fed, ejector means having an inlet connected to saidliquid to be filtered and including a jet outlet discharging in thebottom portion of said container, and an outlet pipe being in opencommunication with the lower portion of said container and receiving thedischarge of said jet outlet, said outlet pipe leading through a wall ofsaid container and having an outlet connected to said liquid to befiltered, wall means forming a chamber around said jet outlet,connections from a part of said ejector means upstream of said jetoutlet to an upper portion of said container and to said chamber, andvalve means regulating flow through said connections.

6. Apparatus for proportional addition of particulate material to aliquid flowing through a main comprising a material holding containerhaving an upright side wall and a hopper bottom, a diaphragm across saidhopper bottom, a passageway through said diaphragm, an annular wallsurrounding said passageway, an ejector associated with said container,said ejector including an ejector tube extending upwardly through saidhopper bottom and having a jet outlet discharging into the space withinsaid annular wall, and an outlet tube having an inlet positioned abovesaid annular wall and extending upwardly therefrom and through said sidewall, the inlet and outlet of said ejector being connected to said main,a flow restricting element on said main interposed between said inletand outlet connections of said ejector, a pressure conduit from an inletportion of said ejector to an upper portion of said container, a by-passfrom said pressure conduit discharging below said di- 9 aphragm, andflow regulating means associated with said pressure connection and saidby-pass.

7. Apparatus for proportional feeding of wetted solid filter aidmaterial to a stream of liquid comprising a container for holding asupply of wetted filter aid material, and means operative to withdraw anamount of sucrl wetted material proportional to said stream of liquidand feed it to said stream as a suspension in liquid, said meansincluding a shunt circuit leading through said container, both ends ofsaid shunt circuit being connected to said stream of liquid, said shuntcircuit including an ejector tube having a jet nozzle, and a conduitreceiving the discharge of said jet nozzle and being in opencommunication with the lower part of said container, Wall means forminga chamber surrounding said jet nozzle, conduit means connecting aportion of said shunt circuit upstream of said container to said chamberand to the upper portion of said container, and valve means on saidconduit means regulating flow to said chamber and to said upper portionor" said container.

8. Apparatus for proportional feeding of Wetted solid filter aidmaterial to a flowing stream of liquid comprising a container for thematerial to be fed, said container having an inlet through its bottomand a top inlet for the solid material and liquid for wetting it, ashunt circuit passing through said container and having an inlet and anoutlet connected to said flowing stream of liquid, said shunt circuitincluding an ejector tube having a jet outlet adjacent said bottominlet, a pipe having a lower end portion positioned 10 to receive thedischarge of said jet outlet, said pipe extending to an upper elevationin said container, a baflie surrounding the upper end of said pipe andshaped to deflect the material discharged from said pipe upwardly, andoutlet means from said container for the material to be fed leading froman elevation above the upper end of said pipe, an annular wall forming achamher around said jet outlet, a pressure connection from said shuntcircuit upstream of said jet outlet to a portion of said container abovesaid lower end portion but below the upper end of said pipe, and meansfor diverting a portion of liquid from said pressure connection to saidchamber.

EDGAR WILLIAM BAILY.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 423,773 Jewell Mar. 18, 1890 560,764 Taylor May 26, 1896595,120 Dehn Dec. 7, 1897 1,193,038 Mann Aug. 21, 1916 1,339,977 PrudenMay 11, 1920 1,409,248 Sevcik Mar. 14, 1922 1,535,991 Crom Apr. 28, 19251,654,406 Bonner Dec. 27, 1927 1,861,295 Bramwell May 31, 1931 1,912,334Peet May 30, 1933 2,216,921 Marvel Oct. 8, 1940 2,462,836 Morrow Mar. 1,1949 2,486,650 Hepp Nov. 1, 1949

